Machine for twisting horsehair into continuous lengths.



G. s. cox.` MACHINE FOR TWISTING HORSEHAIR INTO CONTINUOUS LENGTHS.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 6,1914. n 1,161,994..

Patented May 9, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l G. S. COX.

MACHINE FOR TWfS-TING, HORSEHAIR INTO CONTINUOUS LENGTHS. APPLICATmN FlLED1uNE6.1914.

l, l IL 99% Patented May 9, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I l EVWMW instaat.'

1.11 lh@ L ('JrlEiOIEtGfIil S. COX, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ltllay 9, 1916.

Application led June 6, 1914. Serial No. 843,385.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. Cox, a citizen of the United States, residing at lhil-adelpliia, county of Philadelphia, and

State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new nite length may be formed from a multi 4tude of separate strands o f hair which may be utilized in the weaving of hair cloth of indefinite width and which would otherwise be unavailable in the manufacture of hair cloth of feasible width.

In the drawings, which show a preferred form of my invention-Figure 1 is a section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, the same showing a side view of most of the mechanism. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the machine including the driving mechanism. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the trough feedingmechanism on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view of the selector.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the auxiliary feed roller and presser guide.

The driving shaft a (Fig. 3) has a pinion b, which drives a gear wheel c on the shaft l. The shaftfl has a pinion e `which drives a gear wheel f on the shaft g. The shaft al has a pulley 71, which, through a belt z', drives a pulley j on the shaft c,'which, as hereinafter described, acts as one ofthe pair of rollers for `feeding the hair and one strand of yarn to the twisting means. The shaft g has a pulley m which, `through a belt n, drives a pulley o on the cam-shaft p, which shaft, as hereinafter described, ac-

' tuates the hair-trough and the means for reciprocating the selector toward and from the trough and for reciprocating other mechanism for insuring the conveyance of the hair to the rollers, as hereinafter described.

The hair-trough r is hung on a frame s which is slidably mounted on guides in aframe t. The. means for moving the trough back and forth laterally in its guidesis as follows: On the shaft j) is a cam 10 (see Figs. 3 and engaginga projection l11 on a lever 12, which is pivoted at one end on a bracket 13 on the frame 14, which carries bearings for the shafts 7c and 70. rlhe lever 12, through a connecting rod 15, reciprocates a bent arm 16 pivoted on a shaft 17. The shaft 17 has a ratchet wheel 18 which is actuated by a pawl 19 carried by the arm 16. The shaft 17 also has a gear wheel 20 which isengaged by a holding pawl 21 and drives a gear wheel 22. The latter has a crank pin which is joined by a connecting rod 23 with the frame s of the trough r. It will be readily understood that the foregoing mechanism causes the trough r to be fed step-by-step first in one direction and then in the other so as to bring different parts of the trough in line ,with the advancing and receding selector hereinafter described.

The shafts p and le turn in bearings in the frame 24. The shaft 2J has a double crank 25, which, through a connecting rod 26, alternately lifts and lowers a slide 28,`

which carries the selector. The latter is of usual construction (see Fig. comprising the member 29 directlycarried by the slide 28, the member 30 piv'oted on the member 29, the finger or jaw 31 secured to the mem ber 29, the linger or jaw 32 secured to the member 30, and the spring 33, which tends to move and hold the jaw 32in contact with the jaw 31.` The jaws are opened by means of a lever 34 pivoted between its ends on a projection 35 on the frame 14. The lever 34 is tilted to cause the jaw 32 to recede from the jaw 31 by means of a cam 36 on the shaft p. The lever 34 is held against the working face of the cam 36 byrmeans of a spring 37.

A lever 27 is pivoted on a projection from fthe frame 24 and is slotted to receive the pin connecting rod 26 with slide 28. The lever is also slotted to receive a pin on the upper end of a bar 38. This bar is bent back and forth to form a guide for a rod 39 which is adapted to slide thereon but which, in the absence of resistance to movement,rmoves down with the bar, due to a spring 40 confined between a pin 41 on the rod 39 and one of the bends in the bar 38, The rod 39 carries a roller 42 (see Fig. 6) and also a presser guide 43.

68, `68 areja pair ofwire guides extending up in front of and over the hair trough and between which the hair is drawn by the selector. These guides prevent the end of the hair from swinging sidewise to any substantial extent when it is released by the selector. f

Hung on a rod44 carried by the Vframe 14 and 24 is a pair of bentweighted levers 45, 45, carrying the bearings for a roller 46, which is pressed against the shaft or roller lc and forms with it means for feeding the hair toward the twisting mechanism.

Beneath the rollersc and 46 is a pair of rollers 47 47 disposed at right angles to the upper rollers. One of the rollers is on a shaft 48, which is positively driven, from theshaft 7c, by a chain of gears 49, 50 and 5l, shaft 52, and bevel gears 53 and 54.

Beneath the rollers 47, 47 is a funnel carried by a ,frame which also carries an eye 56. Below these is an ordinary spinning or twisting device comprising a rotatable spool 57 and a distributer frame 53 having a circular track for the eye 59.l

Two threads and g/ are employed in the twistingpoperation. They are taken respec- 4tively from cops 60 and 6l up through eyes 52, thence extends through the eye 64 to the roller 7s, whence it passes through roll'- ers 7c, k46, and 47 47, through the funnel 55 and eye 56 to the `eye 59.` The thread' y from eye 63 extends through eye 65 down through the eye 56 to the eye 59. It will be observed that one thread is carried with the hair through the feed rolls and funnel, below which the other thread joins it, and the hair and both threads pass together to the eye 59 and spool 57, the rotation of which causes both threads to be twisted about the hair. The hair, being comparatively sti, is twisted comparatively little.

The spool 57 has a pulley 66 which is.

driven from a drum 'v on thedriving shaft a by means of a rope 67.

The operation lof the machine is as f ollows: By the means hereinbefore described, the selector is alternately advanced toward and receded from the hair trough, while the roller42 and presser guide -43 are alternately advanced toward and receded from the roller 7c. Due to the shape of the cam 36, the aw 32 is normally lheld away from the jaw 31, but when the jaws of the selector have moved forward into contact with the hair the spring 37 draws the lever 34 into the recessed part of the cam, thus closing the jaw 32 upon the jaw 31 and advance toward the roller k until they engage the end of hair that has been drawn out in the immediately preceding receding movement of the selector and press the same against the roller t' with a degree of force corresponding to the. compression of the spring 40. The hair is thus fed forward between the rollers 7: and 42, while the presser guide 43 acts as a guide to direct the end of hair between the rollers and 46. These rollers direct the hair and also the yarn .if toward the funnel 55, but it is preferred to first pass them between the rollers 47, 47, so that, if the hair and yarn are spaced apart when they pass through the rollers It' and 46, they will be brought together by the rollers 47 and 47. This is of some importance, as the twisting action often starts in the upper part of, or above, the funnel; and if, at this time, the yarn and hair are not brought together, there is danger of the yarn starting to twist about the hair some distance from the latters end, which causes the hair to project from the compound weft after the same is wound upon the spool. It will be understood that at each reciprocation of the selector, the trough is moved laterally one step so that at different reciprocations of the selector it is brought into operative relation with all the hair from one wall to the other.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Iatent is:

1. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of feed rollers, a source of hair supply, a air of selector fingers, means to -move said ngers toward and from the hair trough and to close and open them to cause them to grasp, pull and release, successive ends of hair, an auxiliary roller, means to advance the auxiliary roller toward and from one of the feed rollers and thereby cause the selected end of hair to be moved into feed relation with both feed rolle-rs, a source of yarn supply, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

2. In a machine for uniting separate strandsY of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of feed rollers, a source of hair supply, means to select successive ends of hair, an auxiliary roller, a hair guide, means to advance the auxiliary roller and hair guide into position to enable one of the feed rollers, the auxiliary roller and the guide to direct the selected hair to the mouth of the feed rollers, a source of yarn supply, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

.3. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a hair trough, a pair of selector fingers, means to move said lingers toward and from the hair trough in a direc- L :i

tionapproximating a right angle to the lon'- gitudinal direction of extension of the hair trough and to close and open said fingers to cause an end of hair to be lifted substantially above the level of the trough, a pair of feed rollers arranged in front of thehair trough, an auxiliary roller, means whereby the auxiliary roller moves with the selector fingers toward and from one of the feed rollers, thereby causing a selected end of hair to be moved into feed relationship with both feed rollers, a source of yarn supply, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

4l. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of feed rollers, a hair trough, a selector, means to move the V'selecto-r toward and from the hair trough, an auxiliary roller movable with the selector and also independently movable in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of move# ment of the selector', a spring normally restraining the auxiliary roller from such independent movement but adapted to yield when the auxiliary roller engages the feed roller, a source of yarn supply, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

5. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a source of yarn supply, a laterally extending hair trough, a pair of feed rollers arranged side by side beyond the end of the hair trough, a selector reciprocable up and down, means to move said selector downward to grasp a hair and then upward to pull it above the feed rollers, means movable downward with the selector to guide the selected hair between the rolls, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

(i. In 1a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a pair of feed rollers, a source of hair supply, means to select sucr cessive ends oflhair and guide them to the feed rollers, a source of yarn supply, `means to direct the yarn therefrom to the feed rollers, a second pair of feed rollers arranged beyond and at an angle to the first pair of feed rollers and adapted to bring toward each other the hair and yarn fed from the first pair of feed rollers, and twisting mechanism beyond the second pair of rollers.

7. In Va machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a source-of hair supply` means to select successive ends of hair, two sources of yarn supply, twisting mechanism, a pair of feed rollers between the hair selecting means and the twisting mechanism, means to guide the yarn from one source of supply between feed rollers, and means to guide the yarn from the other source of supply direct to the twisting mechanism.

8. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft,

the combination of a source of hair supply, means to select successive ends of hair, two cops in fixed position, means to guide the yarn from one cop into proximity to the hair at a point between the selector and the twisting mechanism, and means to guide the yarn from the other cop direct to the twisting mechanism. 4

9. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a pair of feed rollers, a source of. hair supply, means to select successive ends of hair and guide them to the feed rollers, a source of yarn supply1 means to direct the yarn therefrom to the feed rollers a second pair of feed rollers arranged beyond and at an angle to the first pair of feed rollers and adapted to bring toward each other the hair and yarn fed from the first pair of feed rollers, a source of yarn supply, twisting mechanism beyond the sec 0nd pair of rollers, and means to guide yarn from the second source of supply direct to the twisting mechanism.

10. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a source of hair supply, means to select successive ends of hair, feed Y rollers, an auxiliary roller, a rod carrying the auxiliary roller, a member on which said rod is slidable, a spring between said member and the rod, means to reciprocate said member thereby causing the spring to press the auxiliary roller toward one of the feed rollers and thereby cause the selected end of hair to be moved into feed relation with both feed rollers, a source of yarn supply, and means totwist the yarn upon the hair. .11. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a hair trough, feed rollers, a pair of selector lingers, means to move said fingers toward and from the trough and to close and open them to cause them to successively grasp, pull out and release an end of hair, hair-guiding means adapted to directV hair selected by the selector to the feedrollers, means to advance and retract simultaneously both the selector fingers ,and the hair guide whereby the latter at each reciprocation acts upon hair that has been selected by the selector fingers in the previous reciprocation, a source of yarn supply, and means to twist the yarn upon the hair.

12. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a source of yarn supply, a laterally extending hair trough, a pair of feed rollers arranged side by side beyond the end of the hair trough, a selector reciprocable up and down, means to move said selector downward to grasp a hair and then upward to pull it above the feed rollers, a pair of guide wires extending upward between the end of the hair trough and the iso y Copies cit-this patent may be obtained for feed rollers and between which the selector hair is drawn, means movable downward with the selector to guide the selected hair between the rolls, and means to twist the yarn upon. the hair.

13. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft, the combination of a source of hair supply, means to select Successive ends of hair, two sources of yarn supply, a rotating spool, an eye rotating with the spool, a fixed eye l0- cated substantially on the axis of the spool and means to guide the hair and also the yarn from both sources of yarn supply to the fixed eye, whereby the hair and yarn are twisted upon each other and wound upon the spool.

14. In a machine for uniting separate strands of hair to form a continuous weft,

the combination of a source of hair supply,

means to select successive ends of hair, two sources of yarn supply, a. rotating spool, an eye rota-ting with the spool, a pair of feed rollers between the hair selecting means and the spool, a fixed eye between the rollers and In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on this 5th day of June, 1914.

GEORGE S. COX. VitnesSes M. M. HAMILTON, E. E. WALL.

five cents nach, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

